Syzygium cumini
naturalizedMyrtaceae

Syzygium cumini

Java plum

Naturalized (non-native)non-native

Introduced and now reproducing on its own in the wild.

Syzygium cumini, commonly known as jambolan, Java plum or black plum, is an evergreen tropical tree in the flowering plant family Myrtaceae. It is native to the Indian Subcontinent, adjoining regions of Southeast Asia, China and Queensland. The name of the fruit is sometimes mistranslated as blackberry, which is a different fruit in an unrelated family. Syzygium cumini has been spread overseas from India by Indian emigrants and at present is common in former tropical British...

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Seasonality
9 flowering · 16 fruiting annotations · iNaturalist · fetched Jul 2026
JFMAMJJASONDpeak
■ flowering (peak September)■ fruiting (peak December)

This is an inference, not a schedule. The curve reflects when observers annotated flowering and fruiting — which tracks observer effort as well as plant behavior, and pools all elevations and islands into one signal. Hawaiʻi’s microclimates vary enormously; a species may fruit in January at sea level and June at elevation. Use this to know when to look, then look.

What works

Controlling Syzygium cumini

From Weed Control by Species11 rows →
  1. 2.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% Milestone (aminopyralid)AminopyralidG43 reports · 3 trials
    CTAHR/OANRP, OANRP
    • 1unsatisfactory results · CTAHR/OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24

      Milestone Trial: tested 4 cuts/trunk with 0.5ml/cut against 4 cuts/trunk with 1ml/cut. 12 trees total tested, 6 with high dose, 6 with low dose. In each group of 6, 3 trees were 'small' (basal diameter 11-15cm), and 3 were 'large' (basal diam 26-55cm). At 6 months, all of 'large' trees, regardless of treatment, were in good health, while all of 'small' trees, regardless of treatment, were in poor health. At 32 months, 'large' trees healthy, and 'small' trees all dead except for one (15cm diam) which was recovering. Suggests Milestone effective at high doses, but large trees resistant. More trials needed. NOTE: this trial was done before the CTAHR/OANRP/NEPM trial.

      Size: basal diameter 26--55cmHabitat: mesic
    • 4more than moderate satisfaction · CTAHR/OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24

      Milestone Trial: tested 4 cuts/trunk with 0.5ml/cut against 4 cuts/trunk with 1ml/cut. 12 trees total tested, 6 with high dose, 6 with low dose. In each group of 6, 3 trees were 'small' (basal diameter 11-15cm), and 3 were 'large' (basal diam 26-55cm). At 6 months, all of 'large' trees, regardless of treatment, were in good health, while all of 'small' trees, regardless of treatment, were in poor health. At 32 months, 'large' trees healthy, and 'small' trees all dead except for one (15cm diam) which was recovering. Suggests Milestone effective at high doses, but large trees resistant. More trials needed. NOTE: this trial was done before the CTAHR/OANRP/NEPM trial.

      Size: basal diameter 11-15cmHabitat: mesic
    • 1unsatisfactory results · OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24

      Trial complete, 26 months. 2 rings of 6 cuts/tree, for a total of 12 cuts/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 15 months, major defoliation on all trees. At 26 months, all trees showing recovering except for smallest (circum = 73cm). No trees died. May see better results with higher dosages.

      Size: trunk circumference 55-144cmHabitat: mesic
  2. 2.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% Polaris (imazapyr)ImazapyrG21 report · 1 trial
    OANRP
    • 2minimal satisfaction · OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24

      Trial complete, 26 months. 2 rings of 6 cuts/tree, for a total of 12 cuts/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 15 months, major defoliation on all trees. At 26 months, all trees showing recovering except for smallest (circum = 73cm). No trees died. May see better results with higher dosages.

      Size: trunk circumference 55-144cmHabitat: mesic
  3. 2.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% Garlon 4 (triclopyr)TriclopyrG41 report · 1 trial
    OANRP
    • 2minimal satisfaction · OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24

      Trial complete, 26 months. 2 rings of 6 cuts/tree, for a total of 12 cuts/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 15 months, major defoliation on all trees. At 26 months, all trees showing recovering except for smallest (circum = 73cm). No trees died. May see better results with higher dosages.

      Size: trunk circumference 55-144cmHabitat: mesic
  4. 2.0girdle20% G4, 80% BiodieselTriclopyrG41 report · 1 observed
    OANRP
    • 2minimal satisfaction · OANRP · observed

      often resprouts and requires additional treatment

      Habitat: mesic
  5. 1.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% Ranger Pro (glyphosateGlyphosateG91 report · 1 trial
    OANRP
    • 1unsatisfactory results · OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24

      Trial complete, 26 months. 2 rings of 6 cuts/tree, for a total of 12 cuts/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 15 months, major defoliation on all trees. At 26 months, all trees showing recovering except for smallest (circum = 73cm). No trees died. May see better results with higher dosages.

      Size: trunk circumference 55-144cmHabitat: mesic
  6. 1.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% milestoneAminopyralidG41 report · 1 trial
    CTAHR/NEPM
    • 1unsatisfactory results · CTAHR/NEPM · trial · 2015-02-26

      OFF LABEL USE

      Size: med-lrgHabitat: mesic
  7. 1.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% Round upGlyphosateG91 report · 1 trial
    CTAHR/NEPM
    • 1unsatisfactory results · CTAHR/NEPM · trial · 2015-02-26
      Size: med-lrgHabitat: mesic
  8. 1.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% G4TriclopyrG41 report · 1 trial
    CTAHR/NEPM
    • 1unsatisfactory results · CTAHR/NEPM · trial · 2015-02-26
      Size: med-lrgHabitat: mesic
  9. 1.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% PolarisImazapyrG21 report · 1 trial
    CTAHR/NEPM
    • 1unsatisfactory results · CTAHR/NEPM · trial · 2015-02-26
      Size: med-lrgHabitat: mesic

Ratings are the reporting organisation’s own, on a 5-point scale. Always follow the product label — the label is the law. See these 11 rows in the full table

Gallery · 5 · iNaturalist
open-licensed photos · click any to view its source
Where documented · 113 ahupuaʻa
documented occurrences · iNaturalist + GBIF · iNaturalist 198 · GBIF 291 records
Waikīkī · OʻahuiNat 27 · GBIF 35 ✓
Waimea · KauaʻiiNat 9 · GBIF 18 ✓
Kailua · OʻahuiNat 12 · GBIF 15 ✓
Wailua · KauaʻiiNat 7 · GBIF 13 ✓
Hāʻena · KauaʻiiNat 8 · GBIF 11 ✓
Kāneʻohe · OʻahuiNat 7 · GBIF 8 ✓
Heʻeia · OʻahuiNat 6 · GBIF 8 ✓
Honolulu · OʻahuiNat 6 · GBIF 5 ✓
Kalihiwai · KauaʻiiNat 4 · GBIF 7 ✓
Waimano · OʻahuiNat 3 · GBIF 8 ✓
Kaʻena · OʻahuiNat 3 · GBIF 7 ✓
Punaluʻu · HawaiʻiiNat 5 · GBIF 5 ✓
Hanalei · KauaʻiiNat 3 · GBIF 7 ✓
Waimānalo · OʻahuiNat 3 · GBIF 6 ✓
ʻAlaeiki · MauiiNat 3 · GBIF 6 ✓
Māhāʻulepū · KauaʻiiNat 3 · GBIF 3 ✓
South Olohena · KauaʻiiNat 2 · GBIF 4 ✓
Nāwiliwili · KauaʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 5 ✓
Kahakuloa · MauiiNat 2 · GBIF 3 ✓
Hālawa · OʻahuiNat 2 · GBIF 3 ✓
Olowalu · MauiiNat 2 · GBIF 3 ✓
Kalulu · LānaʻiiNat 3 · GBIF 2 ✓
Waiʻanae · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 4 ✓
Wailuku · MauiiNat 1 · GBIF 4 ✓
Moanalua · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 4 ✓
Kahana · OʻahuiNat 2 · GBIF 3 ✓
Kamananui · OʻahuiNat 2 · GBIF 3 ✓
Kalāheo · KauaʻiiNat 4 · GBIF 1 ✓
Kalapakī · KauaʻiiNat 2 · GBIF 2 ✓
Keaʻau · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 3 ✓
Kōloa · KauaʻiiNat 2 · GBIF 2 ✓
Kawailoa · OʻahuiNat 2 · GBIF 2 ✓
Pūpūkea · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 3 ✓
Kaimū · HawaiʻiiNat 2 · GBIF 2 ✓
Niumalu · KauaʻiiNat 2 · GBIF 1 ✓
Honokāne · HawaiʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 2 ✓
Honolua · MauiiNat 1 · GBIF 2 ✓
Waiawa · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 2 ✓
Pūlehunui · MauiiNat 1 · GBIF 2 ✓
Pololū · HawaiʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 2 ✓
Paʻalaʻa · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 2 ✓
Mokulēʻia 1 · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Kalawao · MolokaʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Anahola · KauaʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Hīleanui · HawaiʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Kuliʻouʻou · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
East Kaupakulua · MauiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Kalapana, Kupahua · HawaiʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Moloaʻa · KauaʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Hīleaiki · HawaiʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Aukuʻu · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Keālia · KauaʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Waipiʻo · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Mānana · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Keawaʻula · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Makawao · MauiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Kahaluʻu · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Kaʻauhuhu · HawaiʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓