Ardisia elliptica
naturalizedPrimulaceae

Ardisia elliptica

shoebutton Ardisia

Naturalized (non-native)non-native

Introduced and now reproducing on its own in the wild.

Ardisia elliptica is an evergreen tree, also known as the shoebutton ardisia, native to the west coast of India, Sri Lanka, Indochina, Malaysia, Indonesia and New Guinea. It is a prolific reproducer which has made it a successful invasive species in other locations in the tropics where it has been introduced as a garden ornamental.

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Seasonality
13 flowering · 53 fruiting annotations · iNaturalist · fetched Jul 2026
JFMAMJJASONDpeak
■ flowering (peak August)■ fruiting (peak December)

This is an inference, not a schedule. The curve reflects when observers annotated flowering and fruiting — which tracks observer effort as well as plant behavior, and pools all elevations and islands into one signal. Hawaiʻi’s microclimates vary enormously; a species may fruit in January at sea level and June at elevation. Use this to know when to look, then look.

What works

Controlling Ardisia elliptica

From Weed Control by Species8 rows →

Best reported: IPA-Incision Point Application with 100% Polaris (imazapyr) — one report from CTAHR/OANRP.

  1. 5.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% Polaris (imazapyr)ImazapyrG21 report · 1 trial
    CTAHR/OANRP
    • 5successful. Recommended method · CTAHR/OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24

      Trial complete, 26 months. 1 cut/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At Tested 1 cut/15-20cm circum. At 6 months, 1 of 5 trees dead, rest had major defoliation. At 15 months, 5 of 5 dead. At 26 months, all trees fallen and decomposing. Suggest 1 cut/20cm.

      Size: trunk circumference 15-19cmHabitat: mesic
  2. 4.0foliarRound Up. 1% and 3%GlyphosateG91 report · 1 observed
    OANRP
    • 4more than moderate satisfaction · OANRP · observed · 2015-02-23

      effective on large patched of plants

      Habitat: mesic
  3. 4.0clip and dripG4 20%, 80% BiodieselTriclopyrG41 report · 1 observed
    OANRP
    • 4more than moderate satisfaction · OANRP · observed
      Habitat: mesic
  4. 4.0foliar3% and 5% Garlon4 in waterTriclopyrG41 report · 1 observed
    OANRP
    • 4more than moderate satisfaction · OANRP · observed

      effective on large patched of plants

      Habitat: mesic
  5. 1.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% Milestone (aminopyralid)AminopyralidG41 report · 1 trial
    CTAHR/OANRP
    • 1unsatisfactory results · CTAHR/OANRP · trial · 2018-04-23

      Trial complete, 26 months. 1 cut/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 15 months, 1 of 5 trees dead. At 26 months, rest of plants recovering. May be effective at higher rates. Not recommended.

      Size: trunk circumference 15-19cmHabitat: mesic
  6. 1.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% Ranger Pro (glyphosate)GlyphosateG91 report · 1 trial
    CTAHR/OANRP
    • 1unsatisfactory results · CTAHR/OANRP · trial · 2018-04-23

      Trial complete, 26 months. 1 cut/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 15 months, 2 of 5 trees with major defoliation. At 26 months, 2 plants defoliated, but rest recovered. Inconsistent results. May be effective at higher rates. Not recommended.

      Size: trunk circumference 15-19cmHabitat: mesic
  7. 1.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% Garlon 4 (triclopyr)TriclopyrG41 report · 1 trial
    CTAHR/OANRP
    • 1unsatisfactory results · CTAHR/OANRP · trial · 2018-04-23

      Trial complete, 26 months. 1 cut/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 26 months, no trees dead. No major defoliation any time during trial. Not recommended.

      Size: trunk circumference 15-19cmHabitat: mesic
  8. no ratingfoliar2% Polaris and waterImazapyrG21 report · 1 trial
    KMWP
    • —No rating · KMWP · trial · 2016-02-23

      Trial in progress, awaiting results

      Size: small and new growth from burned plantsHabitat: mesic

Ratings are the reporting organisation’s own, on a 5-point scale. Always follow the product label — the label is the law. See these 8 rows in the full table

Gallery · 6 · iNaturalist
open-licensed photos · click any to view its source
Where documented · 54 ahupuaʻa
documented occurrences · iNaturalist + GBIF · iNaturalist 200 · GBIF 299 records
Waikīkī · OʻahuiNat 35 · GBIF 92 ✓
Honolulu · OʻahuiNat 12 · GBIF 33 ✓
Honomū, Kuhua · HawaiʻiiNat 17 · GBIF 16 ✓
Kalihiwai · KauaʻiiNat 18 · GBIF 12 ✓
Hanalei · KauaʻiiNat 10 · GBIF 15 ✓
ʻAiea · OʻahuiNat 12 · GBIF 12 ✓
Piʻihonua · HawaiʻiiNat 8 · GBIF 7 ✓
ʻAlaeiki · MauiiNat 9 · GBIF 6 ✓
Maunalua · OʻahuiNat 5 · GBIF 9 ✓
Heʻeia · OʻahuiNat 6 · GBIF 8 ✓
Kahana · OʻahuiNat 4 · GBIF 10 ✓
West Makaīwa · MauiiNat 5 · GBIF 7 ✓
Kalauao · OʻahuiNat 5 · GBIF 6 ✓
Keaʻau · HawaiʻiiNat 6 · GBIF 4 ✓
East Makaīwa · MauiiNat 5 · GBIF 4 ✓
Kāneʻohe · OʻahuiNat 4 · GBIF 5 ✓
Honomanü · MauiiNat 2 · GBIF 6 ✓
Paumalū · OʻahuiNat 5 · GBIF 3 ✓
Kamananui · OʻahuiNat 3 · GBIF 3 ✓
Kuliʻouʻou · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 4 ✓
Hauʻula · OʻahuiNat 2 · GBIF 2 ✓
Wailua · KauaʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 3 ✓
Waiākea · HawaiʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 3 ✓
Waiʻanae · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 2 ✓
Waikane · OʻahuiNat 2 · GBIF 1 ✓
Pūpūkea · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 2 ✓
Hāʻena · KauaʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Honokalani · MauiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Punahoa 2 · HawaiʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Hanehoi · MauiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Kaʻalaea · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Puʻuhaoa · MauiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Kaunala · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
Moanalua · OʻahuiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓
East Waiakalua · KauaʻiiNat 1 · GBIF 1 ✓