naturalizedVerbenaceae

Citharexylum caudatum

Fiddlewood

Naturalized (non-native)non-native

Introduced and now reproducing on its own in the wild.

No written account yet for this species.

Seasonality

11 flowering · 14 fruiting annotations · iNaturalist · fetched Jul 2026

■ flowering (peak December)■ fruiting (peak September)

This is an inference, not a schedule. The curve reflects when observers annotated flowering and fruiting — which tracks observer effort as well as plant behavior, and pools all elevations and islands into one signal. Hawaiʻi’s microclimates vary enormously; a species may fruit in January at sea level and June at elevation. Use this to know when to look, then look.

What works

Controlling Citharexylum caudatum

From Weed Control by Species11 rows →

Best reported: cut-stump with 30% G4, 70% Crop oil — one report from KMWP.

5.0cut-stump30% G4, 70% Crop oilTriclopyrG41 report
KMWP
- 5successful. Recommended method · KMWP
  used in Koolau's. Possibly same results with lower percentage
4.0basal-bark20% G4, 80% BiodieselTriclopyrG41 report · 1 observed
OANRP
- 4more than moderate satisfaction · OANRP · observed · 2015-02-23
4.0cut-stump20% G4, 80% BiodieselTriclopyrG41 report · 1 observed
OANRP
- 4more than moderate satisfaction · OANRP · observed
3.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% Polaris (imazapyr)ImazapyrG22 reports · 2 trials
CTAHR/OANRP
- 2minimal satisfaction · CTAHR/OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24
  Trial 1 complete, 11 months. 2 cuts/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 11 months, 2 of 5 trees with major defoliation. No trees died. May be effective at higher rates.
  Size: trunk circumference 32-75cmHabitat: mesic
- 4more than moderate satisfaction · CTAHR/OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24
  Trial 2 complete, 25 months. 4 cuts/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 6 months, 1 of 5 trees dead (circum = 45cm). At 25 months, 2 of 5 dead (circum = 45cm and 29.5cm), 2 very poor (little trunk buds, likely will die), 1 recovering. Very slow! Suggest 1 cut/10cm.
  Size: trunk circumference 25-47cmHabitat: mesic
2.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% Garlon 4 (triclopyr)TriclopyrG42 reports · 2 trials
CTAHR/OANRP
- 1unsatisfactory results · CTAHR/OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24
  Trial 1 complete, 11 months. 2 cuts/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 11 months, no trees died. May be effective at higher rates.
  Size: trunk circumference 32-75cmHabitat: mesic
- 3moderate satisfaction · CTAHR/OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24
  Trial 2 complete, 25 months. 4 cuts/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 6 months, 5 of 5 trees with major defoliation. At 12 months, 1 of 5 dead (circum = 33cm). At 25 months, 1 dead + 3 poor + 1 recovering/moderate. May be effective at higher rates.
  Size: trunk circumference 25-47cmHabitat: mesic
1.5IPA-Incision Point Application100% Ranger Pro (glyphosate)GlyphosateG92 reports · 2 trials
CTAHR/OANRP
- 1unsatisfactory results · CTAHR/OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24
  Trial 1 complete, 11 months. 2 cuts/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 11 months, 1 of 5 trees with major defoliation. No trees died. May be effective at higher rates.
  Size: trunk circumference 32-75cmHabitat: mesic
- 2minimal satisfaction · CTAHR/OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24
  Trial 2 complete, 25 months. 4 cuts/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 6 months, 3 of 5 trees with major defoliation. At 25 months, 2 of 5 with major defoliation, 3 of 5 static with little change. Not recommended.
  Size: trunk circumference 25-47cmHabitat: mesic
1.0IPA-Incision Point Application100% Milestone (aminopyralid)AminopyralidG42 reports · 2 trials
CTAHR/OANRP
- 1unsatisfactory results · CTAHR/OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24
  Trial 1 complete, 11 months. 2 cuts/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 11 months, no trees died. May be effective at higher rates.
  Size: trunk circumference 32-75cmHabitat: mesic
- 1unsatisfactory results · CTAHR/OANRP · trial · 2018-04-24
  Trial 2 complete, 25 months. 4 cuts/tree, 0.5ml/cut. At 6 months, 1 of 5 trees with major defoliation. At 25 months, 1 of 5 in poor health (circum = 32cm), 4 of 5 moderate/healthy. Not recommended.
  Size: trunk circumference 25-47cmHabitat: mesic

Ratings are the reporting organisation’s own, on a 5-point scale. Always follow the product label — the label is the law. See these 11 rows in the full table

Gallery · 9 · iNaturalist